Killearn Lakes Plantation Restoration: Clean Lakes Project Tallahassee, Florida

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Water clarification by filtration.
Complete or partial removal of water suspended solids by filtration is carried out in the open or pressure filters, which consist of housing, the filter layer, drainage or distribution system, and feeding system to filter tap water and lighten the wash water. Drainage system usually serves as a distribution area for the filter wash water.
The intensity of the filtering process is characterized by the speed of filtration, which is a quotient of the flow of filtered water in the area of the filter bed. Filtering water through the filter layer is under the influence of pressure difference at the filter input and output from it. The pressure difference to open the filter is equal to the difference in water surface elevations in the filter and the piezometric head in the pipe outlet filtrate.
Water pressure difference before and after the filter layer is called head loss in the filter bed. Loss of pressure in initial point of the filter, called the initial head loss is equal to the loss of pressure during filtration net that does not contain suspended solids of water through a clean filter bed. Initial head loss in the filter bed depends on the rate of water filtration, its viscosity, size and shape of pores of the filtering layer, its thickness.
As the contamination of the filter bed is delayed because of water with suspended solids head loss increases to a value which characterizes the resistance is extremely contaminated filter layer.
The filter layer may consist of not related to each other grains of filter material or constitute a rigid framework in the form of a net, fabric or porous ceramics.
Upon reaching the maximum pressure loss or deterioration of the quality of the filtrate filter layer must be cleaned of contamination by washing them detained or otherwise.
By the nature of the filter bed filters are divided into:
1) granular, in which the filter layer consists of grains of sand, crushed quartz, anthracite coal, marble, magnetite, etc.;
2) mesh, which serves as a filtering layer mesh with openings small enough to apprehend the water mist;
3) tissue, which serves as a filtering layer fabric (cotton, linen, cloth, glass cloth or Nylon), 4) Precoat in which the filter layer is formed from the input to the water filter powders are deposited as a thin layer on the mesh filter as filter powders used diatomite, wood flour, asbestos and other litter, and the frame can serve as a porous ceramic, metal mesh, synthetic fabric.