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| Compounds of silicic acid. The compounds of silicic acid are common in natural waters, which are enriched with these compounds when in contact with rocks - silicates and aluminosilicates. Usually, the groundwater contains more compounds of silicic acid than in the surface. . In nature are quite common aluminosilicates - silicic acid compounds with aluminum. The compounds are soluble in water and may be in the form of colloids and suspensions. The content of silicic acid compounds normalized by using water to power steam boilers and some industrial processes. DISSOLVED GASES. For water is set in the main content of dissolved carbon dioxide, oxygen and hydrogen sulfide. In more rare cases, have to deal with the need for clean water from other gases such as methane. The solubility of gas in water depends on temperature and partial pressure, i.e. pressure, which would generate a given gas, if it was one of the water. The source of oxygen saturation of natural waters is the contact of water with air containing about 21% oxygen. Water of open water in the upper layers usually contains oxygen in concentrations close to its solubility. In the deep layers, especially of lakes, where the mixing factor is less important than in the rivers and in groundwater oxygen content is usually below its solubility at a given temperature and exposed to air. In open water in the decay of organic matter dissolved oxygen consumed in oxidation, while carbon dioxide is formed when this process goes far enough. As a result of vital plankton and algae, and also due to photosynthesis is the absorption of carbon dioxide dissolved in water and water enriched with oxygen. Since photosynthesis depends on the intensity of the light water, the oxygen concentration in open water usually decreases with depth. There is also a difference in the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the daytime and at night. The content of dissolved oxygen in water should be taken into account when considering the processes of metal corrosion. Carbon dioxide comes in natural waters primarily as a result of biochemical oxidation of organic matter, both in the reservoirs and in the soil, when filtering through which the water is enriched with carbon dioxide. In deep water often contains large amounts of C02 as a result of chemical reactions associated with changes in the composition of rocks. Hydrogen sulfide is found in some groundwater, and sometimes in the river polluted by sewage. Most hydrosulfides very soluble in water, poorly soluble sulphides, sulphides with the exception of sodium, potassium and ammonium. Water containing hydrogen sulfide, has generally increased corrosion activity with respect to steel and cast iron pipes, pipe wall is deposited on the precipitate of iron sulfide, which reacts with metal corrosive elements in them is crumbling metal anode. Hydrogen sulphide - a toxic gas, so the premise of water supply facilities, where water can be released from the hydrogen sulfide should be well ventilated. Actually methane does not cause any noticeable deterioration of organoleptic water quality. Still, it is desirable to remove from water, as a spontaneous release of methane in the water supply facilities (reservoirs, treatment plants) may create an explosive its concentration in the air. Purification of water from methane reached its aeration. |