Killearn Lakes Plantation Restoration: Clean Lakes Project Tallahassee, Florida

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Hardness.
The total hardness of water determined by the total calcium content and magnesium. Water hardness is classified in the non-carbonate and carbonate. Carbonate hardness is determined by the presence of water, bicarbonate of calcium and magnesium salts, non-carbonate hardness - the presence of salts of strong acids, calcium and magnesium.
When using hard water for household purposes is obtained by a significant loss of fat soluble soap formation of calcium and magnesium salts of fatty acids. In soft water faster boil soft vegetables.
Soft water is required for a number of technological processes, particularly in the production of synthetic fibers, films, synthetic rubber and plastics, as well as for power boilers.
Water with high carbonate hardness give crustose deposits in pipes and water heaters hot water systems, as well as in pipes and heat exchangers water cooling systems, particularly water recycling systems.
Iron and manganese compounds.
Iron compounds. The underground water iron is most often found in the truly dissolved state in the form of ferrous bicarbonate. Such a water spout from the well after the first time remains colorless and transparent, but when standing in an open vessel gradually becomes cloudy and it stands out from the reddish-brown precipitate of iron hydroxide.
In the water’s surface water iron can be included in organic compounds, such as aquatic humus.
At the same time in the water content of hydrogen sulfide and iron sulfide by fine suspension of iron.
Manganese compounds.
Manganese in natural waters is less common than iron, and usually in lower concentrations.
The oxidation of manganese (as well as iron) acts catalytically contact with the sediment of higher manganese oxides.
The water supplied for drinking water pipelines, centralized, the iron content should not exceed 0.3 mg / liter.
Some impose strict production requirements for the content in the water of iron and manganese (textiles, films, synthetic fibers, plastics, etc.). The additional water recycling schemes should not contain significant amounts of iron, preferably not more than 0.5 mg / L, as in cooling towers and spray pond is oxidized ferrous iron and forms a flocculent suspension of iron hydroxide is deposited in heat exchangers and pipes.